Post History
Seconding Kate's suggestion of the Chicago Manual of Style, and I'd also add Strunk & White's Elements of Style as another indispensable reference.
Answer
#4: Attribution notice removed
Source: https://writers.stackexchange.com/a/3650 License name: CC BY-SA 3.0 License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
#3: Attribution notice added
Source: https://writers.stackexchange.com/a/3650 License name: CC BY-SA 3.0 License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/