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Source: https://writers.stackexchange.com/a/29541
License name: CC BY-SA 3.0
License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

This stuff is called "The Bible" and is mostly exclusive to the right... it's essentially a way the writer can keep track of ideas, rules for the universe, characters, possible themes, how all this relates. I come from a school of thought that the first duty of every writer is to surprise his or her readers... which requires a lot of planning because you want to set your readers to expect one thing... but not make it look like you want them to suspect it (a Red Herring). So my stuff is heavily plotted out. There's nothing wrong with this... some of my favorite writing works are well plotted out. Harry Potter was, I believe, a decade of plotting before any real writing was done. With my own stuff, I know I have elements that I can recall originated from as far back as 14 years prior to now, and I'm closish to starting the book...

Conversely, some writers just wing it... which also works... I actually use this in my actual writing phase, especially with dialog and action sequences, because I tend to stage them in my mind... my only hint is that I know the expected outcome, but also because of the lead time, the dialog may contain something that... at time of writing... fixes elements of plotting I was having trouble with (I'd be a couple stories ahead of the first one). Other cases things might be tried because a situation might have occured from reality that needs to be worked out. Scully's abduction in the second season of X-Files had a huge influence on the following 8 seasons of the show... all to get the story to a point where the character didn't have to appear for two episodes so the actress could take maternity leave. The whole arch was one of the franchise's signature moments and contained some of the best character dialog of the series (the show is also famous for not really having a plan for it's story which long time fans realized was the case as the seasons ticked away).

Again, there are hybrids... I highly recomend poking around writer Greg Weisman's webpage. Getting his start in the cartoon series "Gargoyles" as the first TV show he produced, he wrote a huge bible for how Gargoyles worked and explored every possible way the Gargoyles world operated (he's a hard man to stump on his own works. He only refuses to talk about potential resolutions to dangling plot threads cause he hopes to tell those stories to this day, and colors of characters not yet seen in visual media because he's color blind and doesn't rely on color when designing the characters). So naturally you would think the entire series played out all according to his design (especially since he is fond of villains who's evil schemes are designed to be net wins for the villain no matter the outcome) you'd be sorely mistaken. A bulk of season two was designed with the behind the scenes intent to bring back a one off season one villain that had died at the episodes end... simply because the voice actor gave a really impressive performance. And misreading a line from scripted "the humans" to "the human" from another voice actress lead to connecting two seemingly unrelated characters together AND explain away a fact that another one off was a blatant recycle of a character model with a changed coloring. Sure, the important stuff was plotted out, but not to an insane degree that the story couldn't be tweaked during the writing process.

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